Process for making emulsified compositions



Patented Nov. 25, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,517,075 PATENT OFFICE.

LESTER KIBSCHBRAUN, 0F SHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS FOR MAKING EMULSIFIED COMPOSITIONS.

No Drawing. Original application filed September 4, 1918, Serial No. 252,605. Divided and this application filed October 5, 1921.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Lnsran KinscHBRAUN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for Makin Emulsified Compositions, of which the fofiowing is a specification.

This application is a division of an original application, Serial No. 252,605, filed by me on September 4, 1918.

In an earlier application filed by me, towit: Serial No. 26,813, filed May 8th,'1915, Idescribed a process of making an emulsified composition suitable for use with cer tain fibrous material. I have since discovered that in certain cases it may be advantageous to. make a double emulsion. Heretofore in attempts tomake waterproof sheets,containing bitumen particularly as a continuous operation, on paper machines and the like, have experienced much difliculty in making a stock which would not stick to the machine. In the said prior application I obviated this difiiculty by making a non-sticky emulsified matrix composed of water and an emulsifying agent, such as clay of a colloidal character and a binder such as bitumen. In this matrix the finely divided particles of the binder were in eifect surrounded by a non-adhesive colloidal emulsifying agent, so that the material would pass readily over the paper machine without sticking. I have discovered that in certain cases it may be desirable to form what in effect may be called a double emulsion. This double emulsion seems to permit of a more minute dispersion of the asphalt particles in the water vehicle. Just exactly the action that takes place I am not at this time prepared to state. I have ascertained, however, that certain kinds of binders, as for example, some tars and oils, do not as readily emulsify with a clay paste as do others. Moreover, while a certain percenta e of such tars or oils might readily emulsi with the clay paste there seemed to be a limiting point at which no more tar or oil could be added and secure a satisfactory emulsion. I have discovered, however, that by making a double emulsion I can overcome this objection.

The prooes of the present invention Serial No. 505,654.

may be described as follows: An adhesive waterproof binder as bitumen, preferably in a hot liquid condition is placed in a suitable receptacle; to this liquid binder is gradually added a solution which may consist of water and soap; cheap resin soap has been found satisfactory. This soapy solution is thoroughly mixed with the binder so as to produce an emulsion. In any event, this emulsified matrix is of a rather sticky character. Another way in which this emulsion may be formed will be to dissolve a fatty acid such as oleic acid in a liquid binder and then add to this mixture a solution of suitable alkali such as common lye; This emulsion can be thinned coat the finely divided particles of the bitumen or other binder, and the result is an emulsified composition of a non-sticky character.

I have above referred to making the first emulsion by the use of a fatty acid or saponifiable resin and later adding an alkali solution. emulsion in this way is that it permits the use of a very high melting point asphalt for a binder. For example, if an asphalt having say, 300 degrees F. melting point is desired to be used with the binder, it obviously cannot have an aqueous solution mixed with it when melted, for the reason that the melting point of the bitumen will be much above the boiling point of water. However, by first adding a fatty acid to the high melting point binder, the latter is so softened or cut back by the fatty acid that it is a liquid at a temperature below the boiling point of water. The hot aqueous alkali solution can then be added and the alkali and fatty acid combined to form soap. This first emulsion can then be mixed with a second emulsifying agent as One advantage of making an While it may not be true in all cases, I

' have found that it is most desirable that in forming the first or primary emulsion that the aqueous solution containing the emulsifying agent be added to the binder rather than the binder to the aqueous solution, while in forming the second emulsion, the first emulsion is added to the second emulsifying agent rather than the reverse. \Vith reference to the binders a wide variety of binders may be employed, either asphalts, natural or artificial coal tars, water gas tars, animal and vegetable pitches, hydrocarbon oils, drying oils, such as linseedoil, Chinawood oil, wax tailings, wax parafiine, resin and the like. In some cases, the binder may consist of rubber dissolved in a suitable vehicle such as naphtha or benzol, which of course will ultimately evaporate. By the word bituminous? as used in this specification and in the claims, is meant to include the variousforms of binders referred to in the two preceding sentences.

sion an aqueous paste containing 001- loidal particles and thoroughly mixing the paste and the primary emulsion to form a secondary composition.

2. A process of making an emulsified matrix consisting in adding to a liquid waterproof adhesive binder a saponifiable fluxing agent and then saponifying the liquid to produce an emulsion and add-ing the emulsion to a. secondary colloidalemulsifying agent to produce a, modified emulsion. 7

3. A process of the character described consisting in adding a fatty acid to a high melting point asphalt while the latter is in heated condition,-thereby reducing the melting point, then adding a hot aqueous alkali solution, and then adding-"this. mixture to an aqueous paste of colloidal clay. 4. A process of the character described, consisting in adding a 'saponifiable fluxing agent to a high melting point asphalt while the latter is in lreated condition, thereby reducing the melting point saponifying said fiuxing agent and then adding this mixture to an aqueous paste of colloidal clay.

LESTER KIRSCHBRAUN. 

